Question: Can you 'tier' the grouping of devices, say by location / OS, such as shown below (# = root group)
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Answer:
Resilio Connect doesn't have explicit nested groups, but an Agent can belong to 2 groups, so for the example, the Admin can create (say) group Texas and group Dallas and assign Store1 to both Texas and Dallas and do the same for Houston. As a result Texas group will contain all four, while Dallas and Houston only 1, 2 and 3,4 respectively.
But it is important to pay attention to assigning profiles and groups to jobs, since when an Agent is in a multiple groups it MAY cause a conflict, see this article for more information:
https://connect.resilio.com/hc/en-us/articles/115001080424-Groups-and-Jobs-Conflicts